The rising tide of anti-China sentiment in South Korea, particularly among conservatives, has raised concerns. Chinese Ambassador to Korea Dai Bing recently voiced his apprehensions about the increasing anti-China rhetoric in the country. He revealed these concerns during a meeting with Rep. Kim Seok-ki of the ruling People Power Party (PPP), citing the proliferation of anti-China rumors and conspiracy theories, especially among younger people. These developments are not only alarming from a social perspective, but they also carry significant diplomatic and economic consequences for South Korea.

This surge in anti-China sentiment appears closely tied to the current political climate in South Korea. Amid the ongoing political turmoil surrounding President Yoon Suk Yeol's impeachment, a segment of the population — particularly young men in their 20s and 30s — have been expressing frustration, often targeting China. Unfounded allegations have surfaced that China interfered in South Korea's elections, with some even suggesting that Chinese nationals hold secret influence in the Constitutional Court. These narratives are fueling the growing distrust and hostility toward China.

The tension between South Korea and China has been exacerbated further by incidents like the attempted storming of the Chinese Embassy in Seoul by a supporter of Yoon. This act of aggression, fueled by rising anti-China sentiment, has become a symbol of broader discontent. Members of the PPP, especially those loyal to Yoon, have also amplified these sentiments, further stoking the flames of hostility. For instance, figures like lawmakers Kim Meen-geon and Yoo Sang-bum have made inflammatory statements suggesting that Chinese nationals participated in impeachment rallies against Yoon. These actions, fueled by anti-China rhetoric, have the potential to create deep divisions within South Korean society.

Yoon, too, has not been immune from criticism for his role in escalating these tensions. His inflammatory statements against China have only contributed to the growing animosity. Yoon has publicly accused China of illegally photographing South Korean military facilities and claimed that Chinese-made solar power installations pose a threat to the country's forests. Such remarks are not only inaccurate but also damaging to diplomatic relations between the two nations.

The consequences of excessive anti-China sentiment in South Korea could be profound. While it may provide short-term political gains for certain factions, it is essential to consider the long-term repercussions. First and foremost, fostering a hostile environment toward China could have serious economic consequences. As South Korea's largest trading partner, China accounts for nearly 20 percent of the country's total trade volume. As a key market for Korean products, especially in sectors like K-food and K-beauty, any deterioration in relations with China could hurt the competitiveness of South Korean companies. Additionally, China plays a pivotal role in regional security, with its influence over North Korea being a critical factor in maintaining peace on the Korean Peninsula. A deterioration in South Korea-China relations could undermine efforts to address the North Korean issue and destabilize the region.

Beyond economic concerns, the diplomatic fallout from anti-China rhetoric could be far-reaching. South Korea's foreign policy must strike a careful balance between its relationships with global powers, particularly China and the United States. Since Donald Trump's return to the White House, the need for balanced diplomacy toward these two major powers has become increasingly important. South Korea cannot afford to alienate China, given its role as a regional power and its ability to influence key geopolitical issues, including North Korea.

Moreover, it is not only political figures failing to exercise caution. Certain religious groups, such as those led by Rev. Jeon Kwang-hoon, have also been actively campaigning against China, further exacerbating the problem. These groups, often using inflammatory language, contribute to the spread of false information and adding to anti-China sentiment. Such actions need to be addressed, as they only serve to create division and escalate tensions in an already volatile situation.

The need for caution and responsibility in managing anti-China sentiment has never been more urgent. If left unchecked, the consequences could be severe, leading to significant social, economic and diplomatic costs. The spread of misinformation through social media platforms, especially YouTube, which has become a hotbed for false narratives, must also be curbed to prevent further escalation. As South Korea navigates its relationship with China, it must prioritize strategic diplomacy over populist rhetoric and avoid falling into the trap of alienating a critical neighbor.

While political discourse can naturally become heated and polarized, South Korea must avoid adopting an overly anti-China stance. Its diplomatic and economic interests require a more nuanced and balanced approach — one that recognizes the region's complexities and the critical importance of stable relations with China. Only through careful diplomacy can South Korea secure its future security and prosperity.